Nucleic Acids Research

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Nucleic Acids Research, 2001, Vol. 29, No. 10 2145-2153
© 2001 Oxford University Press

The complete genome sequence of the murine respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma pulmonis

Isabelle Chambaud^1,2, Roland Heilig⁵, Stéphane Ferris², Valérie Barbe⁵, Delphine Samson⁵, Frédérique Galisson³, Ivan Moszer⁴, Kevin Dybvig⁶, Henri Wróblewski⁷, Alain Viari⁸, Eduardo P.C. Rocha^4,9 and Alain Blanchard^1,*

¹INRA–Université de Bordeaux 2, Institut de Biologie Végétale Moléculaire, 71 avenue Edouard Bourleaux, BP 81, 33883 Villenave D’Ornon Cedex, France, ²Unité d’Oncologie Virale, ³Service d’Informatique Scientifique and ⁴Unité de Régulation de l’Expression Génétique, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France, ⁵Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP 191, 91006 Evry Cedex, France, ⁶Department of Genomics and Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Boulevard, Volker Hall, Room 418A, Birmingham, AL 35294-0019, USA, ⁷Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6026, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France, ⁸INRIA Rhone-Alpes-Projet HELIX, 655 Avenue de l’Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin, France and ⁹Atelier de Bioinformatique, 12 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France

Mycoplasma pulmonis is a wall-less eubacterium belonging to the Mollicutes (trivial name, mycoplasmas) and responsible for murine respiratory diseases. The genome of strain UAB CTIP is composed of a single circular 963 879 bp chromosome with a G + C content of 26.6 mol%, i.e. the lowest reported among bacteria, Ureaplasma urealyticum apart. This genome contains 782 putative coding sequences (CDSs) covering 91.4% of its length and a function could be assigned to 486 CDSs whilst 92 matched the gene sequences of hypothetical proteins, leaving 204 CDSs without significant database match. The genome contains a single set of rRNA genes and only 29 tRNAs genes. The replication origin oriC was localized by sequence analysis and by using the G + C skew method. Sequence polymorphisms within stretches of repeated nucleotides generate phase-variable protein antigens whilst a recombinase gene is likely to catalyse the site-specific DNA inversions in major M.pulmonis surface antigens. Furthermore, a hemolysin, secreted nucleases and a glyco-protease are predicted virulence factors. Surprisingly, several of the genes previously reported to be essential for a self-replicating minimal cell are missing in the M.pulmonis genome although this one is larger than the other mycoplasma genomes fully sequenced until now.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 5 57 12 33 20; Fax: +33 5 56 84 31 59; Email: ablancha{at}bordeaux.inra.fr

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